PALMS - Princeton University

Journal, conference and workshop papers; book chapters
Presentations
Works not yet in print
Public Technical reports
Technical reports

Journal, conference and workshop papers; book chapters

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee, Covert and Side Channels due to Processor Architecture, Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'06), pp.473-482, December 2006.
[PDF]

David Champagne and Ruby B. Lee, Scope of DDoS Countermeasures: Taxonomy of Proposed Solutions and Design Goals for Real-World Deployment, 8th International Symposium on Systems and Information Security (SSI'2006), November 2006.
[PDF]

Yedidya Hilewitz and Ruby B. Lee, Fast Bit Compression and
Expansion with Parallel Extract and Parallel Deposit Instructions, Proceedings of the IEEE 17th
International Conference on Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and
Processors (ASAP), pp.
65-72, September 11-13, 2006
(Best Paper Award). [PDF]

Michael Neve, Jean-Pierre Seifert, and Zhenghong Wang, A refined look at Bernstein's AES side-channel analysis, Fast abstract in the Proceedings of the 2006 ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security, pp. 369, March 2006.
[PDF]

Nachiketh R. Potlapally, Anand Raghunathan, Srivaths Ravi,
Niraj K. Jha and Ruby B. Lee, Satisfiability-based Framework for Enabling
Side-channel Attacks on Cryptographic Software, Design Automation and Test
in Europe (DATE), pp. 18-23, March 2006. [PDF]

Nachiketh R. Potlapally, Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan
and Niraj K. Jha, A Study of the Energy Consumption Characteristics of
Cryptographic Algorithms and Security Protocols, IEEE Transactions in Mobile
Computing, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 128-143, February 2006. [PDF]

Nachiketh R. Potlapally, Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan,
Ruby B. Lee and Niraj K. Jha, Impact of Configurability and Extensibility on
IPSec Protocol Execution on Embedded Processors, International Conference on
VLSI Design (VLSID), pp. 299-304, January 2006. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Xiao Yang and Zhijie Jerry Shi, Single-Cycle
Bit Permutations with MOMR Execution, Journal of Computer Science and Technology,
vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 577-585, September 2005. [PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby Lee, New Constructive Approach to
Covert Channel Modeling and Channel Capacity Estimation, Proceedings of the
8th Information Security Conference (ISC '05), pp. 498-505, September 2005.
[PDF]

Divya Arora, Anand Raghunathan, Srivaths Ravi and Niraj K.
Jha, Enhancing Security through Hardware-assisted Run-time Validation of
Program Data Properties, in Proceedings of ACM/IEEE International Conference
on Hardware Software Co-design and System Synthesis (CODES+ISSS), pp.
190-195, Sept. 2005. [PDF]

Divya Arora, Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan and Niraj K.
Jha, Architectural Enhancements for Secure Embedded Processing, in NATO
Workshop on Security and Embedded Systems, Aug. 2005. [PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, On-Chip Lookup Tables for
Fast Symmetric-Key Encryption, Proceedings
of theIEEE 16th International Conference on Application-Specific
Systems, Architectures and Processors (ASAP), pp. 356-363, July
23-25, 2005. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor, Yiqun Lisa Yin, and Ruby B. Lee, A
Traitor Tracing Scheme Based on RSA for Fast Decryption, Proceedings of the
International Conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security (ANCS),
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3531, Springer-Verlag, pp. 56-74,
June 2005. [PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee, Capacity Estimation of
Non-Synchronous Covert Channels, Proceedings of the 2nd
International Workshop on Security in Distributed Computing Systems (SDCS),
pp. 170-176, June 2005. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Peter C. S. Kwan,
John Patrick McGregor, Jeffrey Dwoskin, and Zhenghong Wang, Architecture for
Protecting Critical Secrets in Microprocessors, Proceedings of the 32nd
International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA 2005), pp. 2-13,
June 2005. [PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Fast Parallel Table
Lookups to Accelerate Symmetric-Key Cryptography, Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology
Coding and Computing (ITCC), Embedded Cryptographic Systems Track, pp.
526-531, April 2005. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor and Ruby B. Lee, Protecting
Cryptographic Keys and Computations via Virtual Secure Coprocessing, Computer
Architecture News, vol. 33., no. 1, pp. 16-26, March 2005, and Proceedings
of the Workshop on Architectural Support for Security and Antivirus (WASSA)
held in conjunction with ASPLOS-XI, October 2004. [PDF]

Frances Yao and Yiqun Lisa Yin, Design and Analysis of
Password-Based Key Derivation Functions, Proceedings of the Cryptographers'
Track at the RSA Conference, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3376,
pp. 245-261, February 2005. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee and A. Murat Fiskiran, PLX: An Instruction Set
Architecture and Testbed for Multimedia Information Processing, Journal of
VLSI Signal Processing 40, pp. 85-108, 2005. [PDF]

Yedidya Hilewitz, Zhijie Jerry Shi, and Ruby B. Lee,
Comparing Fast Implementations of Bit Permutation Instructions, Proceedings of the 38th Annual
Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, pp. 1856-1863,
November 2004. [PDF]

Xiao Yang, Shamik K. Valia, Michael J. Schulte, and Ruby B.
Lee, Exploration and Evaluation of PLX Floating-point Instructions and
Implementations for 3D Graphics, Proceedings
of the 38th Annual Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and
Computers, pp. 1873-1878, November 2004. [PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Performance Scaling of Cryptography
Operations in Servers and Mobile Clients, Proceedings
of the Workshop on Building Block Engine Architectures for Computer Networks
(BEACON), October 2004. [PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee,
Runtime Execution Monitoring (REM) to Detect and Prevent Malicious Code
Execution, Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Design
(ICCD), pp. 452-457, October 2004. [PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Evaluating Instruction Set Extensions for Fast Arithmetic on
Binary Finite Fields, Proceedings of the International Conference on
Application-Specific Systems, Architectures, and Processors (ASAP), pp.
125-136, September 2004. [PDF]

Stephen M. Specht and Ruby B. Lee, Distributed Denial of
Service: Taxonomies of Attacks, Tools, and Countermeasures, Proceedings of the 17th
International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems,
International Workshop on Security in Parallel and Distributed Systems, pp.
543-550, September 2004. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Xiao Yang, and Zhijie Jerry Shi, Validating Word-oriented Processors for Bit and Multi-Word Operations, Proceedings
of the Asia-Pacific Computer Systems Architecture Conference (ACSAC), pp.
473-488, September 2004. [PDF]

Xiao Yang and Ruby B. Lee, PLX FP: An Efficient Floating-Point Instruction Set for 3D Graphics, Proceedings of the
IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), pp.
137-140, June 2004. [PDF]

Paul Kocher, Ruby B. Lee, Gary McGraw, Anand Raghunathan,
and Srivaths Ravi, Security as a New Dimension in Embedded System Design, Proceedings
of the Design Automation Conference (DAC), pp. 753-760, June 2004. [PDF] [PPT] [Video]

A. Murat Fiskiran and
Ruby B. Lee, PAX: A Datapath-Scalable Minimalist Cryptographic Processor for
Mobile Environments, Embedded Cryptographic Hardware: Design and Security, Nadia
Nedjah and Luiza de Macedo Mourelle, eds., Nova Science, NY, ISBN 1-59454-145-0, September 2004. [info]

R. B. Lee, R. L. Rivest, M.J.B. Robshaw, Z.J. Shi, and Y.L.
Yin, Permutation Operations in Block Ciphers, accepted for publication in

Embedded Cryptographic Hardware: Design and Security, Nadia Nedjah and Luiza de
Macedo Mourelle, eds., Nova Science, NY, ISBN
1-59454-145-0, September 2004. [ PDF (formatted for A4 paper)]

R. B. Lee, R. L. Rivest, M.J.B. Robshaw, Z.J. Shi, and Y.L.
Yin, On Permutation Operations in Cipher Design, Proceedings of the
International Conference on Information Technology (ITCC), vol. 2, pp. 569
- 577, April 2004. [PDF]

Scott Contini and Yiqun Lisa Yin, Fast Software-Based
Attacks on Secure ID, Proceedings of the
11th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption, pp.
454-471, February 2004. [PDF]

Jeffrey Dwoskin, Sujoy Basu, Vanish Talwar, Raj Kumar, Fred
Kitson, and Ruby Lee, Scoping Security Issues for Interactive Grids, Proceedings
of the 37th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, pp. 367-373,
November 2003. [PDF]

Zhijie Jerry Shi and Ruby B. Lee, Implementation Complexity
of Bit Permutation Instructions, Proceedings of the Asilomar Conference on
Signals, Systems, and Computers, pp. 879-886, November 2003 (Nominated for
Best Student Paper Award). [PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee, Micro-Architecture Issues of
Predicated Execution, Proceedings of the Asilomar Conference on Signals,
Systems, and Computers, pp. 349-354, November 2003. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor, David K. Karig, Zhijie Shi, and Ruby
B. Lee, A Processor Architecture Defense against Buffer Overflow Attacks, Proceedings
of the IEEE International Conference on Information Technology: Research and
Education (ITRE 2003), pp. 243-250, August 2003 (Best Student Paper Award).
[PDF]

Xiao Yang and Ruby B. Lee, Adding 3D Graphics Support for
PLX, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Information
Technology: Research and Education (ITRE 2003), pp. 40-44, August 2003. [PDF]

Nachiketh R. Potlapally, Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan,
and Niraj K. Jha, Analyzing the Energy Consumption of Security Protocols, Proceedings
of the IEEE International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design,
August 2003. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor and Ruby B. Lee, Architectural Techniques
for Accelerating Subword Permutations with Repetitions, IEEE Transactions on
Very Large Scale Integration Systems, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 325-335, June
2003. [PDF]

Zhijie Shi, Xiao Yang and Ruby B. Lee, Arbitrary Bit
Permutations in One or Two Cycles, Proceedings of the IEEE International
Conference on Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and Processors (ASAP
2003), pp. 237-247, June 2003. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, David K. Karig, John Patrick McGregor, and
Zhijie Shi, Enlisting Hardware Architecture to Thwart Malicious Code Injection,
Proceedings of the International Conference on Security in Pervasive
Computing (SPC-2003), LNCS 2802, pp. 237-252, Springer Verlag, March 2003.
[PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Workload Characterization
of Elliptic Curve Cryptography and other Network Security Algorithms for
Constrained Environments, Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on
Workload Characterization (WWC-5), pp. 127-137, November 2002. [PDF]
[Presentation PDF]

Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan and Nachiketh Potlapally,
Securing Wireless Data: System Architecture Challenges, IEEE International
Symposium on System Synthesis (ISSS), pp. 195-200, October 2002 (Invited
paper). [PDF]

Zhijie Shi and Ruby B. Lee, Subword Sorting with Versatile
Permutation Instructions, Proceedings of the International Conference on
Computer Design (ICCD 2002), pp. 234-241, September 2002. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee and A. Murat Fiskiran, PLX: A Fully
Subword-Parallel Instruction Set Architecture for Fast Scalable Multimedia
Processing, Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on
Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2002), pp. 117-120, August 2002. [PDF]
[PDF

from proceedings]

Ruby B. Lee, Zhijie Shi, and Xiao Yang, How a Processor can
Permute n bits in O(1) cycles, Proceedings of Hot Chips 14 - A Symposium on
High Performance Chips, August 2002. [Presentation PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, A. Murat Fiskiran, Zhijie Shi, and Xiao Yang,
Refining Instruction Set Architecture for High-Performance Multimedia
Processing in Constrained Environments, Proceedings of the 13th
International Conference on Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and
Processors (ASAP 2002), pp. 253-264, July 2002. [PDF]
[PDF

from proceedings]

Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan, Nachiketh Potlapally and
Murugan Shankardass, System-level Design Methodologies for a Wireless Security
Processing Platform, ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), pp.
777-782, June 2002. [PDF]

Nachiketh Potlapally, Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan and
Ganesh Lakshminarayana, Optimizing Public-Key Encryption for Wireless Clients, IEEE
International Conference on Communications (ICC), pp. 1050-1056, May 2002.
[PDF]

Nachiketh Potlapally, Srivaths Ravi, Anand Raghunathan and Ganesh
Lakshminarayana, Algorithm Exploration for Efficient Public-Key Security
Processing on Wireless Handsets, Design Automation and Test in Europe (DATE),
pp. 42-46, March 2002. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Instruction Set Architecture for Multimedia
Signal Processing, The Computer Engineering Handbook, Vojin G. Oklobdzija,
ed., CRC Press, pp. 39-1 to 39-38, January 2002. [ISBN: 0-8493-0885-2, info]

Ruby B. Lee and A. Murat Fiskiran, Multimedia Instructions
in Microprocessors for Native Signal Processing, Programmable Digital Signal
Processors, Yu Hen Hu, ed., Marcel Dekker, pp. 91-145, December 2001.
[ISBN: 0-8247-0647-1, info]

Ruby B. Lee, Zhijie Shi, and Xiao Yang, Efficient
Permutation Instructions for Fast Software Cryptography, IEEE Micro,
vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 56-69, December 2001. [PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Performance Impact of
Addressing Modes on Encryption Algorithms, Proceedings of the International
Conference on Computer Design (ICCD 2001), pp. 542-545, September 2001. [PDF]
[PDF
from proceedings]

John Patrick McGregor and Ruby B. Lee, Architectural
Enhancements for Fast Subword Permutations with Repetitions in Cryptographic
Applications, Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Design
(ICCD 2001), pp. 453-461, September 2001. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, A. Murat Fiskiran, and Abdulla Bubshait,
Multimedia Instructions in IA-64, Proceedings of the IEEE International
Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2001), pp. 281-284, August 2001. [PDF]
[PDF
from proceedings]

Nachiketh Potlapally, Anand Raghunathan, Ganesh Lakshminarayana, Michael Hsiao
and Srimat T. Chakradhar, Accurate Power Macro-modeling Techniques for Complex
RTL Circuits, International Conference on VLSI Design, pp. 235-241,
January 2001. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor and Ruby B. Lee, Performance Impact of
Data Compression on Virtual Private Network Transactions, Proceedings of the
IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN 2000), pp. 500-510,
November 2000. [PDF]

Xiao Yang and Ruby B. Lee, Fast Subword Permutation
Instructions Using Omega and Flip Network Stages, Proceedings of the
International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD 2000), pp. 15-22,
September 2000. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Subword Permutation Instructions for
Two-Dimensional Multimedia Processing in MicroSIMD Architectures, Proceedings
of the IEEE International Conference on Application-Specific Systems,
Architectures and Processors (ASAP 2000), pp. 3-14, July 2000. [PDF]

Zhijie Shi and Ruby B. Lee, Bit Permutation Instructions for
Accelerating Software Cryptography, Proceedings of the IEEE International
Conference on Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and Processors (ASAP
2000), pp. 138-148, July 2000. [PDF]

Zhen Luo and Ruby B. Lee, Cost-Effective Multiplication with
Enhanced Adders for Multimedia Applications, Proceedings of the IEEE
International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2000), vol. 1, pp.
651-654, May 2000. [PDF]

Xiao Yang, Manish Vachharajani, and Ruby B. Lee, Fast
Subword Permutation Instructions Based on Butterfly Networks, Proceedings of
Media Processors IS&T/SPIE Symposium on Electric Imaging: Science and
Technology, pp. 80-86, January 2000. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Efficiency of MicroSIMD Architectures and
Index-Mapped Data for Media Processors, Proceedings of Media Processors 1999
IS&T/SPIE Symposium on Electric Imaging: Science and Technology, pp.
34-46, January 1999. [PDF]

Presentations

Ruby B. Lee, Processor Architectures for Efficient Secure
Information Processing, Invited speaker, Design Automation Conference
(DAC), June 2004.

Ruby B. Lee, High Performance Security-Aware Processors:
Grand Challenges for 21st Century Computing, Invited speaker, Computer
Research Associates Grand Challenges Conference, November 2003.

Ruby B. Lee, Architecture for Cyber Security, Invited
speaker, American Philosophical Society's Autumn General Meeting, November
2003.

Ruby B. Lee, Rethinking Computer Architecture for Cyber
Security, Invited speaker, University of Cambridge (Host: Ross Anderson),
June 2003.

Ruby B. Lee, Challenges in the Design of Security Aware
Processors, Keynote speech, IEEE International Conference on
Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and Processors, June 2003.

Ruby B. Lee and Zhijie Shi, Configurable Security Modules
for System-on-Chip Designs, Invited speaker, Emerging Information Technology
Conference, November 2002. [Presentation PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Proactive Cyber Security and its Implications
for Privacy and Digital Rights Management, Invited keynote speech,
University of Colorado School of Law, Silicon Flatirons Telecommunications
Program, Privacy, Security and Digital Rights Management Seminar, September
2002.

Mitsuhiro Miyazaki, Workload Characterization and
Performance for a Network Processor, Princeton University Department of
Electrical Engineering Master of Engineering Thesis Presentation, May 2002.
[PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, PLX: A New ISA for Fast
Multimedia Processing, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Corporate Affiliates Program Presentation, May 2002. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Rethinking Computer Architecture for Pervasive
Security, Invited speaker, Distinguished Lecture Series, University
of Southern California, April 2002.

Ruby B. Lee, Designing Security into the Core Hardware of
Information Appliances and Servers, Invited plenary talk, Emerging
Information Technology Conference, November 2001.

Ruby B. Lee, Computer Arithmetic: A Processor Architect's
Perspective, Invited keynote speech, IEEE International Symposium on
Computer Arithmetic, June 2001.

Ruby B. Lee, Has Scaling Created a Microprocessor Monster, Invited
panelist with Dave Patterson, Yale Patt, and three circuit designers,
International Solid State and Circuits Conference (ISSCC), February 2001.

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Performance Evaluation of
the Advanced Encryption Standard Candidates, Princeton University Department
of Electrical Engineering Corporate Affiliates Program Presentation, May
2000. [PDF]

Works not yet in print

Ruby B. Lee, Jeffrey Dwoskin, and David Champagne, Fundamental Architectural Features in SP processors for Protecting Sensitive Information, in submission, December 2006. [PDF]

Nachiketh R. Potlapally, Anand Raghunathan, Niraj K. Jha and Ruby B. Lee, Aiding Side-channel Attacks on Cryptographic Software with Satisfiability-based Analysis, IEEE Transactions on VLSI, to appear.

Public Technical reports

Yedidya Hilewitz and Ruby B. Lee, Advanced Bit Manipulation Instruction Set Architecture, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-004, November 2006.

[PDF]

Technical reports

Yedidya Hilewitz and Ruby B. Lee, Advanced Bit Manipulation Instructions: BFLY, IBFLY, PEX and PDEP, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-010, December 2006.
[PDF]

Nachiketh R. Potlapally, Ruby B. Lee and Niraj K. Jha, Verifying Memory Integrity with Few Queries to Untrusted Memory, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-009, November 2006.
[PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee, PLcache and RPcache: New Cache Designs for Thwarting Software Cache-based Side Channel Attacks, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-008, November 2006.
[PDF]

J. Dwoskin and R. Lee, Processor Architecture for Remote, Transient, Policy-controlled Secrets, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-007, November 2006.
[PDF]

G. Bhaskara, T. E. Levin, T. D. Nguyen, C. E. Irvine, T. V. Benzel, J. Dwoskin and R. B. Lee, Virtualization of Secure Processor Key Management within a Separation Kernel Architecture, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-006, November 2006.
[PDF]

Yedidya Hilewitz and Ruby B. Lee, Performing Advanced Bit Manipulations Efficiently by Replacing the Shifter in General-Purpose Processors, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-005, October 2006.
[PDF]

G. Bhaskara, T. E. Levin, T. D. Nguyen, C. E. Irvine, T. V. Benzel, J. Dwoskin and R. B. Lee, Virtualization and Integration of SP Services in SecureCore, University of California, Information Sciences Institute Technical Report ISI-TR-623, September 2006.
[PDF]

D. Xu, J. Huang, J. Dwoskin, M. Chiang and R.B. Lee, Re-examining Probabilistic Versus Deterministic Key Management, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-003, July 2006.
[PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee, Mitigating Cache-based Side Channel Attacks, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-002, June 2006.
[PDF]

Jeffrey Dwoskin and Ruby B. Lee, Enabling Transient Access to Protected Information for Crisis Response, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2006-001, May 2006.
[PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby Lee, How Security Models and
Processor Architecture Affect Covert Channels, Princeton University
Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2005-008,
September 2005.

David Champagne and Ruby B. Lee,
Scope of DDoS Countermeasures: Taxonomy of Proposed Solutions and Design Goals
for Real-World Deployment, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Technical Report CE-L2005-007, July 2005. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor, Architectural Techniques for Enabling
Secure Cryptographic Processing, Ph.D. Thesis, Princeton University
Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2005-006, June
2005. [PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby Lee, Impact of Simultaneous
Multi-Threading and Control Speculation on Covert Communications, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2005-005,
May 2005.

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee, New Constructive Approach to
Covert Channel Modeling and Channel Capacity Estimation (full paper), Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2005-004,
April 2005.

John Patrick McGregor, Yiqun L. Yin, and Ruby B. Lee, A
Traceability Scheme for Broadcast Encryption Based on RSA: Security Proofs and
Performance Comparisons, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Technical Report CE-L2005-003, May 2005. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee and Yedidya Hilewitz, Fast Pattern Matching with
Parallel Extract Instructions, Princeton University
Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2005-002,
February 2005. [PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby Lee, A constructive approach to
modeling covert channels and estimating channel capacity, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical
Report CE-L2005-001, February 2005.

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee, Separating Data and
Signaling Channels in Modeling Covert Channels, Princeton University
Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2004-003,
November 2004.

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, A Tiny Scalable
Cryptoprocessor, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Technical Report CE-L2004-002, November 2004.

[Updated, PAX: A Tiny Scalable Cryptographic Processor for
Wireless Devices and Servers. Scanned
PDF Compressed PDF]

Zhenghong Wang and Ruby B. Lee. Covert Channels: New Models,
Minimum Requirements, and Channel Capacity Estimates, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical
Report CE-L2004-001, 2004. (Updated on November 5, 2004 with major revision.)

Zhijie J. Shi, Bit Permutation Instructions: Architecture,
Implementation, and Cryptographic Properties, Ph.D. Thesis, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering, June 2004. [PDF]

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Architectural Techniques
to Accelerate and Scale Cryptographic Processing in Mobile Environments, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2003-007,
November 2003.

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, Server-Side Performance
Scalability of Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Princeton University Department
of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2003-006, July 2003.

A. Murat Fiskiran and Ruby B. Lee, PAX: A Datapath-Scalable
Minimalist Cryptographic Processor For Mobile Environments, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2003-005,
June 2003.

John Patrick McGregor, Yiqun L. Yin, and Ruby B. Lee,
Efficient Traitor Tracing Using RSA, Princeton University Department of
Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2003-004, May 2003.

Stephen Specht and Ruby B. Lee, Taxonomies of Distributed
Denial of Service Attacks, Tools and Countermeasures, Princeton University
Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2003-003, May
2003. [PDF]

Xiao Yang and Ruby B. Lee, Implementation Complexity for
Achieving Bit Permutations in One or Two Cycles in Superscalar Processors, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report
CE-L2003-002, May 2003. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Ronald L. Rivest, Zhijie J. Shi, and Yiqun L.
Yin, Cryptographic Properties of Permutation Operations and Applications in
Cipher Design, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering
Technical Report CE-L2003-001, May 2003.

Ruby B. Lee, Xiao Yang, and Zhijie Shi, Validating
Word-Oriented Processors for Bit-level Permutations and Multi-word Operations
in Pervasive Secure Computing Paradigms, Princeton University Department of
Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2002-004, November 2002. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor and Ruby B. Lee, Virtual Secure
Coprocessing on General-purpose Processors, Princeton University Department
of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2002-003, November 2002. [PDF]

Scott A. Craver, John Patrick McGregor, Min Wu, Bede Liu,
Adam Stubblefield, Ben Swartzlander, Dan S. Wallach, Drew Dean, and Edward W.
Felten, Reading Between the Lines: Lessons from the SDMI Challenge, Princeton
University Department of Computer Science Technical Report TR-657-02, July
2002. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Zhijie Shi and Yiqun Lisa Yin, Cryptographic
Properties and Implementation Complexity of Different Permutation Operations, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2002-002,
May 2002. [PDF]

Mitsuhiro Miyazaki, Workload Characterization and
Performance for a Network Processor, Princeton University Department of
Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2002-001 (Master of Engineering
Thesis), May 2002. [PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Superdata Execution: Exploiting Superscalar
Resources for Higher Performance, Princeton University Department of
Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2001-004, November 2001.

Ruby B. Lee, David K. Karig, John Patrick McGregor, and
Zhijie Shi, An Architectural Approach to Mitigating Distributed Denial of
Service Attacks Resulting from Buffer Overflow, Princeton University
Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2001-003,
November 2001.

David Karig and Ruby B. Lee, Remote Denial of Service
Attacks and Countermeasures, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Technical Report CE-L2001-002, October 2001. [PDF]

Abdulla Bubshait, Large Number Multiplication in
Cryptographic Systems, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Technical Report CE-L2001-001 (Master's project), May 2001. [PDF]

Joseph Bracken and Ruby B. Lee, Embedding Security in MP3
Compressed Music Files, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Technical Report CE-L2000-005, November 2000.

Joseph Bracken, Adding Security to Compressed Digital Audio,
Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report
CE-L2000-004 (Master's project), August 2000. [PDF]

Xiao Yang and Ruby B. Lee, Floating-point MicroSIMD
Algorithms and Architecture for Fast Geometry Transform, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2000-003,
August 2000. [PDF]

John Patrick McGregor and Ruby B. Lee, Performance Impact of
Data Compression on Virtual Private Network Transactions (Extended Version), Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2000-002,
May 2000. [PDF]
[Also see PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Zhijie Shi, and Xiao Yang, Efficient
Permutation Instructions for Secure Multimedia Information Processing, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L2000-001,
April 2000. [Also see PDF]

Zhijie Shi and Ruby B. Lee, Permutation Instructions for
Symmetric-Key Cryptography, Princeton University Department of Electrical
Engineering Technical Report CE-L99-004, September 1999. [Also see PDF]

Zhen Luo and Ruby B. Lee, Subword Constant Multiply by
Preshift_and_add, Princeton University Department of Electrical Engineering
Technical Report CE-L99-003, May 1999. [Also see PDF]

Ruby B. Lee, Fundamental Subword Permutation Primitives for
Two-Dimensional Media Processing with MicroSIMD Architectures, Princeton
University Department of Electrical Engineering Technical Report CE-L98-001,
October 1998. [Also see PDF]