3 Specht, Stephen Lee, Ruby B. 2004 Distributed Denial of Service: Taxonomies of Attacks, Tools, and Countermeasures Proceedings of the ISCA 17th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems (PDCS 2004), International Workshop on Security in Parallel and Distributed Systems San Francisco, California, USA 543-550 Sept. 2004 http://palms.ee.princeton.edu/PALMSopen/DDoS%20Final%20PDCS%20Paper.pdf